Systematic review finds consistently lower toxicant and inflammatory biomarker levels in heated tobacco users than in smokers Studies report comparable or modestly improved respiratory function among heated tobacco users Biomarkers tied to cancer risk, oxidative stress and cardiovascular strain were significantly reduced…

Italian researchers argue that a recent meta-analysis overstated the evidence linking vaping to COPD. They say most studies failed to adjust properly for smoking history - the main cause of COPD. The critics highlight “reverse causation,” where people with COPD may take…